Physical Properties
Instruments
As we are Specialist in Crude Oil & Petroleum Products analysis , please find Below Our Most important instruments for these tests:
1- Crude Oil Sediment Centrifuge According to ASTM D91, D96 and D4007
2- H2S analyzer for Crude Oil
The measuring principle of H2S Analyzer 320 based on DyMS method. The instrument has one – optional two – storage and one measuring containers, where the sample will be mixed permanently and hold on temperature up to +200 °C. The sample will be pumped into the measurement container – loaded with a high boiling point solvent – and mixed continuously. Afterwards the H2S is stripped off by purging nitrogen through the liquid. The mass transfer is improved and more H2S can be detected compared to other methods.
The use of inert gas nitrogen avoids oxidation of true H2S. The H2S concentration is finally detected by a specific sensor. In general a measurement requires max. 15 minutes. The results will be recorded, calculated and printed.
Further sulphur compounds like light mercaptans and SO2may be measured simultaneously when respective sensors have been installed.
The set-up of H2S Analyser DyMS further allows the preparation of a second test sample while the first is still running. This feature increase the test flexibility and frequency. Just the DyMS method enables a wide protection of safety, environmental and corrosion-related problems.
3- Herzog
Originally established in 1931, Herzog has a comprehensive line of laboratory instruments for testing atmospheric and vacuum distillation, flash point, vapor pressure, bitumen properties, cold flow properties, viscosity and other physical properties of materials.
For More information please follow the below Link:
• CID 510 - Cetane Ignition Delay
ASTM D7668, EN 16715, IP 615, GOST R 58440
Herzog by PAC pioneered the Cetane Ignition Delay 510 instrument, a unique technology that is proven to provide the best precision in the market for determining the Derived Cetane Number of all types of diesel fuel, biodiesel, FAME, HVO, BTL, and GTL. It is a compact, easy to use, and fully automated analyzer, that offers excellent return on investment, and is in compliance with today’s safety requirements.
Accurate analysis of Derived Cetane Number (DCN) is an important tool for diesel and biodiesel fuel blenders and refineries to maintain fuel consistency and quality. Existing technologies, such as CFR Engine and CVCC methods, do not meet present market requirements with their high investment and operational cost, difficult operation, and poor system performance.
The CID 510 is in perfect correlation to ASTM D613, EN 16715, ISO 5165, IP 41, IP 615 and GOST R 58440. The patented test method ASTM D7668 is approved as standard and officially listed in diesel specifications: ASTM D975, ASTM D6751, ASTM D7467, EN 590 and GOST R 52368.
• OptiFlash - Pensky Martens
ASTM D93, ISO 2719, EN ISO 2719, IP 34, JIS K2265, and GB/T 261
The Herzog OptiFlash Pensky Martens determines the flash point of petroleum products, biodiesels, solvents, fluxed bitumen, food, and beverages up to 400°C. Fire detection in extended range around test cup and flash detection outside the cup.
• OptiFlash Tag & Abel
OptiFlash Tag & Abel is the new benchmark in flash point analysis, fully designed to meet today’s expectations on user convenience, quality and safety compliance. Accurately detect flashpoints from -30C to 120C for petroleum products, alcohols, solvents, chemicals, food and beverages. The OptiFlash is fully compliant with leading global standards such as: ASTM D56 (Tag) and EN ISO 13736 & IP 170 (Abel).
• OptiFlash Cleveland Open Cup
ASTM D92, ISO 2592, IP 36, GB/T 3536
Optiflash Cleveland Open Cup accurately detects flash point up to 400°C for petroleum products, lube oil, gear oil, food & beverages, chemicals, and fluxed bitumen. OptiFlash CoC is fully compliant with leading global standards. Its automatic damper covers the cup to reduce vapor escape and extinguish possible fires.
• OptiFlash Small Scale
ASTM D3828, ASTM D3278, ASTM D7236, ISO 3679, ISO 3680, IP523, IP524, IP534
Safe and accurate flash point determination for low volume samples. The new Small Scale Flash Point Analyzer completes PACs Herzog OptiFlash family. The Optiflash accurately detects flashpoint from -30°C up to 300°C for petroleum products, biodiesels, solvents, chemicals, paint varnishes, fluxed bitumen and food and beverages.
• OptiDist: Atmospheric Distillation
ASTM D86, D1078, D850, IP195, IP123, DIN51751, NFM07-002, EN ISO3405, JIS K2254, ISO918; ASTM D189, D524, D4350, EN ISO 10370, DEF STAN
OptiDist is the benchmark in atmospheric distillation testing offering the highest level of precision. Its a state-of-the-art optimal solution for performing atmospheric distillation, featuring easy to use, one button operation, and unparalleled versatility. Its minimal footprint saves valuable lab space, installation is easy, and the OptiDist offers a very low cost of ownership.
The testing and results are in full compliance with all atmospheric distillation methods like ASTM D86.
• HVP 972: Vapor Pressure
ASTM D323, ASTM D4953, ASTM D5191, ASTM D6378, EN 13016, IP 394, IP 481
Herzog’s HVP 972 is the modern analytical instrument designed for accurate determination of vapor pressure of both automotive and aviation gasoline, turbine fuels, other light distillate petroleum products, hydrocarbon solvents and chemical compounds.
The Herzog HVP 972 provides quick, accurate results of vapor pressure up to 1,000 kPa (145 psi) within a temperature range of 0° to 100°C. Significantly increase productivity with perfect repeatability and reproducibility through the power of complete automation.
• HVM 472: Multirange Viscometer
ASTM D445, ASTM D446, IP 71, ISO 3104, ISO 3105, GOST 33, GB/T 265
The Herzog Multi-Range Viscometer HVM 472 determines direct kinematic viscosity of transparent and opaque liquids fully automated. The easy to operate viscometer includes 2 multi-range capillaries with 100 fold measuring range, requires only 18 ml, and delivers precise results. Its auto sampler offers truly continuous operation, spent sample vials automatically discharge, allowing new samples to be added at any time. For rapid analysis within viscosity range of 0.5 to 600mm2/s, the HVM 472 offers the smart alternative to run samples using 20-fold range Fast Run (FR) capillaries. The HVM 472 shows excellent precision and accuracy in full compliance with ASTM D445.
• HDV 632: Vacuum Distillation
The HDV 632 is a fully automated Vacuum Distillation Analyzer, which offers highest flexibility for the user. It can measure samples up to 650C AET. Choose ASTM D1160 or define and save your own custom programs. Naturally, you can add, delete, and revise custom tests as your products and test needs evolve. The HDV 632 controls temperature, distillation rate, and pressure with microprocessor precision. Volume measurements are made with digital accuracy, and test program selection is a simple “point and click” operation. Choose from an extensive library of built-in programs or your own predefined tests.
The HDV 632 incorporates everything needed for fully automated distillation testing, yet uses only 0.33 square meters (3.25 sq. ft.) of bench space. In fact, it even features built-in refrigeration systems one for the cold trap plus a heater/cooler for the condenser bath there is no need to run hoses to an external water supply or chiller system.
• HGT 915 & 917: Gum Test
ASTM D381, ISO 6246, EN 5, IP 131
Measure evaporation residue in aviation fuels, motor gasolines, and other volatile distillates in accordance with ASTM D 381, ISO 6246, EN 5 and IP 131 test methods. The HGT 915 uses air evaporation, while the HGT 917 offers the versatility of either air or steam evaporation. Both models are capable of testing three 100 ml samples simultaneously. Results indicate the likelihood of induction system deposits and potential sticking of intake valves.
4- ISL
With more than 35 years of experience, ISL is a recognized leader in the field of physical testing equipment of petroleum products. ISL technology includes self-contained automated analyzers, such as mini distillation, flash and fire point, viscosity, cold properties, evaporation loss; lubricants and asphalts testing equipment.
For More information, please follow the below Link:
• OptiPMD: Micro-Distillation
ASTM: D7345, IP 596, EN 17306. Correlation: ASTM D86, D1160, ISO 3405, IP 123 Specs:ASTM: D396, D975, D1655, D2880, D3699, D4814, D6751, D7467, D7566, D8147
OptiPMD is the second generation of a state-of-the-art solution for fast and reliable distillation analysis. It is in accordance to ASTM D7345, IP 596 and in perfect correlation with ASTM D86, D1160 (B100), ISO 3405 and IP 123. OptiPMD determines the boiling range characteristics of petroleum products in less than 10 minutes, using only 10 ml of sample and it’s included in at least 10 fuel specifications.
OptiPMD’s method, ASTM D7345, delivers significantly faster results compared to the conventional ASTM D86 method, saving you 25 to 35 minutes per distillation.
• OptiFZP: Freeze Point
ASTM D2386, ASTM D7153, IP 16, IP 529, ISO 3013, JIS K2276, DEF STAN 91-091
The next generation Freeze Point Analyzer offers proven technology used by labs worldwide. The powerful internal cooling system can measure up to -100C (-148F) without the need of an external cooling bath. The unique patented detection cell provides ultra-high accuracy with unmatched precision, while maintaining its compact footprint. The newly designed OptiFZP includes a color touchscreen and advanced electronics that allows network printing and electronic data transfer from the analyzer to a PC.
• OptiMPP: Mini Cloud & Pour Point
Listed as an alternate test method in:
- D7346-14:
- D396 Specification for Fuel Oil
- D2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel
- D7689-11:
- D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel
- D7467 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oil, Biodiesel Blend (B6 to B20)
- D6751 Specification for Biodiesel Fuel Blendstock (B100)
Designed to provide highly accurate cloud and pour point temperatures of petroleum products during cooling, ISL’s automated Mini Cloud Pour Point Analyzer is compact, portable and delivers fast results (30C in less than 30 minutes, and quick pour point correlation with no flow @ 0.1C determination).
OptiMPP’s powerful built-in cooling system with selectable cooling profiles requires no special programming or prior cloud and pour point measuring test knowledge.
• OptiFPP: Cold Filter Plugging Point
CFPP: EN 116, EN 16329, IP 309, ASTM D 6371, JIS K 2288CP: In accordance with ASTM D5771, IP 444, EN 23015, EN 590
In correlation to ASTM D2500, ISO 3015, IP 219, JIS K2269
The next generation Cold Filter Plugging Point analyzer combines a patented built-in cooling system and highly precise detection mechanism into an ultra-compact, easy to use instrument. The ISL OptiFPP analyzer provides automated CFPP test in strict accordance to EN116 and EN16329 conditions. OptiFPP precisely controls jacket cooling and electronically controlled vacuum adjusts as the test specimen is drawn though a mesh filter, per method conditions. Once crystal formation inhibits sample flow within a set time, a CFPP value is detected, displayed and stored to memory. Detailed reports are available, showing any abnormal points, as well as sample temperature behavior during the test.
The Cloud Point Kit is available with a stainless steel and a glass temperature sensor. A complete measuring head with a probe, filter unit and pipet is also available for purchase.
• OptiCPP: Cloud & Pour Point
ASTM D2500, ASTM D5771, ASTM D5853, ASTM D5950, ASTM D97,
IP 15, IP 219, IP 444, ISO 3015, ISO 3016, JIS K2269
Combining a revolutionary patented built-in cooling system and highly precise detection mechanism, ISL’s OptiCPP performs pour and/cloud point testing of any petroleum products, down to -95°C (-139°F), in accordance with all international standards. Its unique cooling technology eliminates external liquid connections, heat and noise. OptiCPP accommodates your unique testing requirements, because it is 100% configurable.
Automation enables unattended operation with excellent reproducibility and repeatability.
• Noack: Evaporation Loss
ASTM D5800, CEC L 40 A 93, IP 421
ISL’s safe, easy to use NCK2 5G Noack evaporation loss analyzer enables the most precise testing to meet increasing QS/QA requirements in full compliance with CEC, ASTM & IP methods.
NCK2 5Gs advanced quality control features including traceable automatic calibrations with lock-out control and detailed test reports with tracking numbers of all measuring devices fulfill strict ISO 9000 quality system requirements. The metal temperature probe is delivered with an engraved serial number and traceable calibration certificate.
The Noack oil coalescer air filters now comes in packs of 5 for increased savings. You can buy them on our Parts Store.
• VH1 & VH2: Houillon Viscometers
ASTM D7279, ASTM D2270
Using a “Houillon” capillary tube, ISL’s VH Series Viscometers automatically determine kinematic viscosity of lubricating oils, used oils, fuels, polymers, and similar materials over a wide viscosity range. Initially developed for lubricant blending facilities, research laboratories, and used oil monitoring where small sample size and quick results were required, the ISL VH viscometer offers exceptional performance, providing results in 60 seconds using less than 1 ml of sample.
The VH series of viscometers include:
- Model VH1: integrates a single solvent capacity for tube cleaning
- Model VH2: accommodates two solvents, offering added flexibility in solvent selection for efficient tube cleaning and drying and withstands the use of aggressive solvents
• RB36: Ring & Ball
ASTM D36, ASTM E28, EN 1427, IP 58, ISO 4625 The RB36 5G
is designed for measuring product temperatures from 0°C to 220°C. The instrument enables simultaneous testing of two samples with independent monitoring. Simply load the sample and with a few keystrokes, the test is started. Bath temperature and ball movement are precisely controlled according standard test methods. This instrument integrates top-of-the-art regulation systems specially designed for difficult method heating rate regulations. Heating rate is displayed in real-time and automatically stored with the result.
5- Antek
Antek’s lab instruments provide reliable, precise elemental analysis for total nitrogen and sulfur, speciated nitrogen and sulfur, fluoride, chloride, and bromide. Antek products are recognized by global regulating bodies, leading scientific research institutions, and process laboratories as the instrument of choice for selective multi-element detection.
For More information, please follow the below Link:
• ElemeNtS: Total Elemental Combustion Analyzer
Sulfur: ASTM D5453, EN ISO 20846, ASTM D6667, ASTM D7183, EN 15486, IP 490, JIS K 2541
Nitrogen: ASTM D4629, ASTM D5176, ASTM D7184, DIN 51444, ISO/TR 11905, GB/T 17674, UOP 936, JIS K2609
Simultaneous Analysis of Total Sulfur and Total Nitrogen in One Single Run!
ElemeNtS is the most advanced, modular, analytical system which detects Total Sulfur and/or Total Nitrogen efficiently using Ultra Violet Fluorescence (UVF) and Chemiluminescence (CLD) in liquid, gaseous materials and LPG samples.
The analyzer is equipped with 10” Touchscreen Interface for direct queue control and diagnostics. Modern design, aimed at reducing bench space, as ElemeNtS is the smallest combustion analyzer on the market, with an easily accessible front door for effortless maintenance.
ElemeNtS can be used with two types of autosamplers:
– 749 Liquid Autosampler:162 x 2 mL–vials can be stored on one tray holder. Available sizes: 10, 25, 50 and 100 µl.
-Single Shot Autosampler:cost-effective solution for injecting a single replicate sample by syringe. Available size: 25 µl.
6- ALCOR
Since its inception in 1959, the Alcor brand has been synonymous with quality and innovation in petrochemical, fuel and lubricant research and testing solutions for aviation. Alcor’s high-quality systems exceed global standard specifications and are recognized worldwide as the leading technology for precision fuel analysis.
For More information, please follow the below link:
•JFTOT IV: Jet Fuel Thermal Oxidation Tester
ASTM D3241, IP 323, ISO 6249, DEF STAN 91-091
Alcor’s JFTOT IV is the globally recognized standard jet fuel thermal oxidation tester, with a worldwide installed base over 1000 instruments of various generations of JFTOT instruments and over 40 years of experience in the industry. In addition to its accurate and reliable jet fuel analysis, it offers enhanced safety features and simplified operational capabilities in a smaller, streamlined package than previous generations. The JFTOT IV strictly follows ASTM D3241, IP 323, and ISO 6249 standard test methods.
The JFTOT IV’s highly automated features not only make it easier to measure jet fuel, but also increase lab productivity, by as much as 25%.
• OptiReader: Heater Tube Scanner
ASTM D3241-18 Annex A4
Ellipsometric jet fuel thermal oxidation heater tube scanner. Our new OptiReader provides pass/fail results with a full 2D and 3D thickness map defining maximum deposit thickness and volume. Results are not only fast, but also highly precise and accurate. The user interface is so simple it doesn’t require any training which saves time and money.
OptiReader’s accurate and fast results, and data integration capabilities make it the best heater tube tester in its class.
OptiReader is now cited as an approved procedure in ASTM D3241-18 Annex A4 (Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels Test Method)
• Intelligent Heater Tube
ASTM D3241, IP 323
The Alcor Intelligent Heater Tube™ (IHT) ensures traceable, accurate, and secure jet fuel thermal oxidation testing. The IHT is the only heater tube on the market that can electronically store all the important data from JFTOT® and OptiReader instruments directly onto the heater tube. The Intelligent Heater Tube reader-writer is a unique electronic identification device that provides detailed traceability of tests and easy access to stored data. Data can be transferred from the JFTOT and OptiReader either directly or via computer interface, or can be entered directly through a Windows-based application.
Standard heater tubes are also available in sets of 10, including filters.
• DTOT: Diesel Thermal Oxidation Tester
PAC has decades of experience with jet fuel stability and thermal fouling in refineries and pipelines. We applied that knowledge into our new DTOT which is suitable for several blends of diesel fuel like Pure Diesel (B0), Diesel Fuel with 7% FAME (B7) and Diesel Fuel with 20% FAME (B20). Now you can use JFTOTs proven platform to test thermal oxidation on diesel in a fast and safe way.
• MCRT160: Micro Carbon Residue Tester
ASTM D189, ASTM D4530, DIN 51551, IP 398, ISO 10370, ISO 6615, JIS K2270
Alcor’s MCRT-160 provides safe measurements of petroleum products with a tendency to thermally degrade and form coke under high temperature pyrolyzing conditions.
Its powerful digital control over all ASTM D4530 test steps delivers results equivalent to Conradson Carbon (ASTM D189) with significantly less inconvenience or fuss. A typical D189 carbon residue analysis can easily take 90 minutes or more of a skilled operators time.
With the MCRT-160, the operator only has to weigh the initial and final samples and start the test, which allows the lab personnel to perform other tasks during the testing cycle. The MCRT-160 automatically executes the factory programmed ASTM D4530 test program. Plus, for added convenience and versatility, it can even be programmed to automate your own specialized time-temperature test profiles.
• VTR
PAC’s Alcor VTR-100 (Visual Tube Rater) is used to manually rate heater tube deposits formed during a jet fuel thermal oxidation test. Manual visual rating is the only approved heater tube deposit rating techniques allowed in ASTM D3241 and IP323.
The heater tube is attached to a holder and inserted in the VTR-100, along with the ASTM Color Standard (included). The tube holder may be moved up and down and rotated to locate the darkest section of the tube; the color codes on the ASTM Color Standard may be moved adjacent to the section of the tube being rated. Both are illuminated by special lights and are easily observed through an attached viewer.
7- PAC
PAC serves its customers with cutting-edge technology and significant research and development resources to support its core areas: chromatography, elemental analysis, physical properties, fuels composition, and laboratory automation.
For More information, please follow the below link:
• OptiFuel: FTIR Fuel Analyzer
Compliance: ASTM D6277, ASTM D7371, ASTM D5845, ASTM D7777, EN 238, IP 559, DEF STAN 91-091
Correlation: ASTM: D1319, D1322, D1840, D2386, D2699, D2700, D323, D3828, D3948, D4053, D4737A, D445, D4815, D5191, D56, D613, D6371, D6378, D6379, D6839, D7153, D7806, D86, D976, EN 116, EN 14078, EN ISO 13016, ISO 22854 , ISO 3104, ISO 3405, ISO 4264, ISO 5163, ISO 5164, ISO 5165, SGS M2533
Specs: ASTM D1655, D4806, D4814, D975, EN 228, EN 590
OptiFuel combines the best of our GS PPA, TD PPA and QuickSpec capabilities into one analyzer and adds the latest FTIR technology into the most robust fuel analyzer in the market. Its user-friendly system allows the operator to measure many properties at once with a simple touch of a button. The calibration is quickly done through a one-step transfer/cloning procedure and it lasts for years. Minimal maintenance can be easily done on-site.
• OptiReader: Heater Tube Scanner
ASTM D3241-18 Annex A4
Ellipsometric jet fuel thermal oxidation heater tube scanner. Our new OptiReader provides pass/fail results with a full 2D and 3D thickness map defining maximum deposit thickness and volume. Results are not only fast, but also highly precise and accurate. The user interface is so simple it doesn’t require any training which saves time and money.
OptiReader’s accurate and fast results, and data integration capabilities make it the best heater tube tester in its class.
OptiReader is now cited as an approved procedure in ASTM D3241-18 Annex A4 (Thermal Oxidation Stability of Aviation Fuels Test Method)
• ACCURA: Sampling Device
The ACCURA sampling device is designed for fully automated analysis of gaseous and pressurized liquid hydrocarbon streams for MultiTek and Gas Chromatography applications. It provides these key benefits through:
- Highest accuracy and precision through uncompromised sample integrity
- Easy to use
- Maximum operator safety
- Can be used for MultiTek and GC, gas and liquids
- Repeated injections in one run (MultiTek only)
When analyzing Liquid Pressurized Gases (LPG) with Gas Chromatography or Elemental Analysis, the most challenging task is to maintain sample integrity. Uncontrolled expansion of pressurized or liquefied gases often leads to discrimination: the perceived sample composition changes.
Accura is a temperature and pressure controlled vaporizing injection device that respects sample integrity completely. The resulting data are more accurate and precise, which translates in a narrower product specification and better refining profit.
LPG and hydrocarbon gases are extremely flammable and therefore need to be handled with great care. Accura identifies when sample lines are depressurized after analysis, signaling the sample bomb can be disconnected safely
ApplicationsSulfur, Nitrogen, Nitrogen & Sulfur, Nitrogen & Halides, Sulfur & Halides, Nitrogen & Sulfur & Halides, Applicated GC Gas Analysis, Natural Gas Analysis, Refinery Gas Analysis, Sulfur Trace Analysis, Customized Analysis
The heater tube is attached to a holder and inserted in the VTR-100, along with the ASTM Color Standard (included). The tube holder may be moved up and down and rotated to locate the darkest section of the tube; the color codes on the ASTM Color Standard may be moved adjacent to the section of the tube being rated. Both are illuminated by special lights and are easily observed through an attached viewer.
7- Phase Technology
Phase Technology has an outstanding reputation as a leader in the cold flow properties testing industry due to the consistent introduction of new innovative products and continual improvement in the quality, design and capabilities of its offerings.
For More information, please follow the below link:
https://www.paclp.com/lab-instruments/brand/phase-technology
• OptiMVD: The Fastest and Most Versatile Viscometer and Density Meter
Compliance: Complies to: ASTM D7945, ISO 18335, ASTM D7777
Correlation: ASTM D445, ASTM D4052, ISO 3104, IP 71, GOST 33, GB/T 265
OptiMVD is a mini viscometer and density meter designed for today’s modern laboratory. Available in five different configurations, all models load the sample, perform viscosity and density measurement, and clean the system automatically. OptiMVD maximizes the power of automation to increase test productivity with significant repeatability and reproducibility improvement.
The dual viscometer/density meter model features two integrated, 24-position autosampler carousels, giving users the ability to program up to 48 tests. The analyzer’s flexibility features allow users to test samples from the same vial at two different temperatures, as well as test samples from either carousel in any chosen order. All models can measure samples with a viscosity range from 1 mm²/sec to 2,000 mm²/sec at 40°C.
Safe and cost-effective to own and operate, the constant pressure viscometer has a precision that meets or exceeds ASTM D445 or its equivalents.